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The 'classic' Mac OS is the original Macintosh operating system that was introduced in 1984 alongside the first Macintosh and remained in primary use on Macs until the introduction of Mac OS X in 2001. Apple released the original Macintosh on January 24, 1984; its early system software was partially based on the Lisa OS and the Xerox PARC Alto computer, which former Apple CEO Steve Jobs. After OS X Mavericks was met with indifference, many worried that future OS X updates would continue to be a steady stream of minor upgrades and tweaks. Continuing the new naming convention of Californian locations, the new iteration will be dubbed ‘Yosemite’ after California’s beloved national park, with no relation to a certain Looney. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. At PowerMax, we sell new and used Macs. Our used Macs often come with previous versions of Mac OS X, and our customers sometimes would like to know what the differences are between different versions. The following article is a synopsis of each major OS X version since OS X 10.4 Tiger. Hey, r/iOSthemes Usually I'm running darker themes & walls so I attempted to put my battery life back together. Battery life = MUCH BETTER.Sareth CC backround & Laetus image wouldn't exist without u/HolIywoodBlvd. Heres his twitter aswell,.Wallpaper created by awsiiq.

Faculty Scholarship

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

Winter 1-26-2015

ISSN

1502-3923

Language

en-US

Abstract

In criminal law, the mental state of the defendant is a crucial determinant of the grade of crime that the defendant has committed and of whether the conduct is criminal at all. Under the widely accepted modern hierarchy of mental states, an actor is most culpable for causing harm purposely, and progressively less culpable for doing so knowingly, recklessly, or negligently. Notably, this hierarchy emphasizes cognitive rather than conative mental states. But this emphasis, I argue, is often unjustified. When we punish and blame for wrongful acts, we should look beyond the cognitive dimensions of the actor’s culpability, and should consider affective and volitional dimensions as well, including the actor’s intentions, motives, and attitudes. One promising alternative mental state is the attitude of culpable indifference. However, we must proceed carefully when permitting criminal liability to turn on culpable indifference and similar attitudes, lest we punish vicious or unvirtuous feelings that are not sufficiently connected to wrongful acts, and lest we punish disproportionately for attitudes that reflect only a very modest degree of culpability.

Recommended Citation

Kenneth Simons, Punishment and Blame for Culpable Indifference, 58 Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy 143 (2015).
Available at: https://scholarship.law.bu.edu/faculty_scholarship/102

SSRN URL

https://ssrn.com/abstract=2461820

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In all cases, successive versions of Mac OS and Mac OSX have incorporated 'under the hood' changes such as improvedperformance and stability, bug fixes, and in later releases, increasedPowerPC nativity. In addition, the major releases included moreobvious changes as described below:

Mac OS 7.0.x (several releases) (1991)

• 32-bit addressing for access to more than 8 megabytesof RAM
• Support for virtual memory on those computers that canuse it
• Apple Events, a language used by applications to communicate witheach other
• The MultiFinder, renamed the Finder, improved andsimplified
• A Find utility incorporated into the Finder for locating files
• Ability to create aliases of items
• Ability to use File Sharing to share information between computerson a network
• Introduction of Balloon Help
• Introduction of Drag and Drop

Mac OS 7.1.x (several releases) (1992-1994)

• Introduction of WorldScript for improved multilingual support
• Fonts stored in their own Fonts folder rather thanwithin the System Folder
• Introduction of Thread Manager for improved multitasking

Mac OS 7.5.x (several releases) (1994-1996)

• 32-bit addressing always turned on
• Some user interface improvements such as a menu bar clock,WindowShade, hierarchical Apple menus, and Finder windows that becomeaccented when a file is dragged over them
• The AppleScript scripting language for automating tasks
• Improved Find File capability
• Apple Guide for improved help
• PC Exchange, which greatly simplifies working with DOSformatted disks
• Macintosh Easy Open to help open files for which the originalapplication is not available
• Introduction of Open Transport (7.5.2)
• Comments in Info windows not removed when the desktopis rebuilt (7.5.3)

Mac OS 7.6.x (two releases) (Spring 1997)

• Requires a 32-bit clean 68030 processor or better
• Support for MacTCP removed
• Many references to 'Macintosh' changed to 'Mac OS' in response tothe availability of Macintosh compatible clones

Mac OS 8.0 (Fall 1997)

• Requires a 68040 or PowerPC processor
• Numerous user interface improvements, including a revampedappearance, pop-up menus, custom folder views, desktop pictures,spring-loaded folders, contextual menus, sticky menus, andreorganized Finder menus; many of the control panels are reorganized,simplified, or incorporated into the Finder or System Folder
• Finder now multithreaded, allowing it to perform more than onetask at once (e.g., emptying the trash while moving a file)
• Internet setup assistant for simplifying the task ofsetting up an Internet connection

Mac OS 8.1 (Spring 1998)

• Includes support for the Macintosh Extended File Format(HFS+), which increases the minimum and maximum file sizes
• Support for DVD-ROM drives
• Support for Windows 95 long filenames

Mac OS 8.5.x (two releases) (Fall 1998)

• Requires a PowerPC processor
• Introduces Sherlock, a powerful volume and Internetsearching utility that replaces Find File
• AppleScript rewritten to be PowerPC native, greatly improvingperformance
• Ability to anti-alias all text on the screen
• Built-in application switcher and 'tear off' Application menu
• HTML-based help system
• Interface enhancements such as smart scrolling, resizable Findercolumns, 32-bit icons, icon tags, themes, and URL 'aliases'

Mac OS 8.6 (Spring 1999)

• Built-in nanokernel that improves performance and reduces CPUpower usage
• Newer computers (e.g., iMac, 'blue and white' PowerMacintosh G3/G4, 'bronze' PowerBook G3, iBook) have thecapability to boot off the network if an appropriate server ispresent.
• Game Sprockets included with the operating system (formerly aseparate install)
• Improvements to Sherlock, LaserWriter 8, DVD-RAM,FireWire, Speech Recognition, and other components

Mac OS 9.0.x (two releases) (Fall 1999)

• Support for multiple users, storing individual preferences foreach and with several levels of access
• Improved security with the Keychain (stores passwords),voiceprint authentication, and encrypted file transfers
• File sharing via TCP/IP with another Mac OS computerwithout the need for AppleShare IP
• Sherlock, dubbed Sherlock 2, updated for performance andcapability
• Ability to automatically download software updates from theInternet and install them
• Support for Carbon and Carbonized applications

Mac OS 9.1 (Spring 2001)

• Several changes for improved compatibility with Mac OSX, including a slightly reorganized folder structure, OS X-awareStartup Disk control panel
• USB printer sharing over TCP/IP
• Apple File Security increased to 128-bit encryption
• Finder shortcuts to empty the trash, add to favorites, and showfolder view options

Mac OS 9.2.x (three releases) (Fall 2001)

• Improved performance in the Classic environment of MacOS X

Mac OS X 10.0.x 'Cheetah' (four releases and numerous updates)(Spring 2001)

• Completely new operating system based on technologies acquiredfrom NeXT, Inc.; features include protected memory, preemptivemultitasking, multithreading, and symmetric multiprocessing
• Aqua, a new graphical user interface
• Darwin, the operating system's Unixfoundation; built on the Machmicrokernel
• Quartz, the PDF-based engine for renderingtwo-dimensional entities such as icons and windows
• Carbon, Cocoa, and Java, the three types of nativegraphical applications for Mac OS X

Mac OS X 10.1.x 'Puma' (five releases and numerous updates) (Fall2001)

• Improved performance, stability, and functionality
• Reintroduced missing OS 9 features: DVD playback, CDburning, AppleShare over AppleTalk, keyboard shortcuts fordisplay brightness and sound volume
• The ability to connect to WebDAV and Windows file servers

Mac OS X 10.2.x 'Jaguar' (eight releases and numerous updates)(Summer 2002)

• Improved performance, stability, and functionality
• Quartz Extreme, which uses your video card to improve performanceof window moves, resizes, and the like; Quartz Extreme is notsupported on older computers.
• Reintroduced missing OS 9 features: universal access,spring-loaded folders, USB printer sharing, AirPort andAirport Extreme software base station
• Built-in support for connecting to VPN servers via PPTP
• Rendezvous, for accessing resources via TCP/IP withoutconfiguration
• Inkwell, handwriting recognition using a graphics tablet
• Sherlock enhanced and refocused as an online tool
• Find utility integrated into the Finder

Indifference Mac Os Download

Mac OS X 10.3.x 'Panther' (five releases and numerous updates)(Fall 2003)

Indifference Mac Os X

• Improved performance, stability, and functionality
• Reintroduced missing OS 9 feature: labels
• Exposé, to easily navigate through a cluttered desktop bydisplaying open windows as selectable thumbnails
• Fast user switching, which allows for multiple accounts to belogged in at the same time
• FileVault, which encrypts the entire contents of home folders
• Built-in support for connecting to VPN servers viaIPsec
• Font Book, for improved font management
• Improved support and integration for sending and receiving faxes

Mac OS X 10.4.x 'Tiger' (Spring 2005)

Indifference Map Shows

• Unix-based architecture, for increased stability and security
• Spotlight, to instantly locate anything (e.g., images, emailmessages, applications) on your computer
• Dashboard, a readily accessible collection of mini-programs called'Widgets' that provide information about weather, stocks, and more
• Safari RSS, a new version of the popular webbrowser that includes a built-in RSS reader
• iChat AV, with the added ability to hold multi-party audio andvideo conferences
• Automator, to automate repetitive computing tasks withoutprogramming knowledge
• Mail, with integrated Spotlight searching and Smart Folders tohelp you manage your email